1000 and 400 BCE, with more expansive states appearing by the latter part of the Middle Preclassic and the early Late Preclassic periods (ca. The resultant hypotheses derived from a series of multi-disciplinary investigations suggest: (1) The Preclassic lowland Maya developed one of the first states in Mesoamerica through a sequentially defined process that evolved into a four-tier hierarchy of settlement distribution and socio-political organization within a specific territorial area (2) the origins of states in Mesoamerica, and in particular within the Mirador Basin, are found in the Middle Preclassic period, between ca. 300 BCE–150 CE), led by developments in the Mirador Basin of northern Guatemala, and southern Campeche, Mexico. 1000–400 BCE), perhaps jointly with the developments at La Venta, and flourished during the Late Preclassic period (ca. This chapter proposes that the first lowland Maya states began to emerge in the Middle Preclassic period (ca. This hypothesis is based on evidence for the Middle Preclassic development of centralized administrative hierarchies within a specific territorial area. That state level organizations first emerged in northern Peten and southern Campeche during the Middle Preclassic period (ca. ![]() Over the past two decades, research in the Basin has led to a hypothesis
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